Home Blog Page 10

Somaliland: A Partner for an America First Africa Approach

0

Key Takeaways:
• A U.S. 🇺🇸 partnership with the breakaway region of Somaliland would be beneficial for both U.S. national security and economic goals.
• The prior U.S. “One Somalia” policy has failed to protect U.S. interests in Somalia and Somaliland.
• Somaliland is a willing partner of the U.S., having shunned adversarial approaches in hopes of a potential partnership.
• There is pre-existing support for Somaliland as a partner both within the current Trump administration and within Congress.

▫️Overview
Somaliland—the breakaway region in northern Somalia along its border with Ethiopia and Djibouti—is unfamiliar to most Americans, yet this territory could be an anchor for a robust America First approach to Africa. Located in the Horn of Africa, the geography of Somaliland makes it central to addressing conflicts and protecting world trade, particularly in its Port of Berbera which has strategic importance on one of the world’s busiest trade routes. Also, given its location on the Gulf of Aden, removed from the war-torn areas just outside of Mogadishu, it is within range of striking both the Houthis in Yemen to the north and al-Shabaab to the East.

With the region having declared itself a breakaway region from the larger Somalia in 1991, it has faced a persistent terror threat in al-Shabaab. However, unlike Somalia, Somaliland has seen success in keeping asl-Shabaab at bay, with the last major attack in Somaliland occurring in 2008 (ACLED, 2024). With the Trump Administration’s increased focus on drone strikes against ISIS and al-Shabaab as well as its new strategic mantra of “trade not aid,” the current situation may be prime for a closer look at Somaliland (Vandiver, 2025; Goko, 2025). Following the November 2024 election of new president Abdirahman Mohamed Abdullahi, there has been a willingness on the part of Somaliland for increased engagement with the United States. As the threats of malign actors in the Horn of Africa grow, a partnership with Somaliland could bring economic benefits to the United States while also securing a key strategic site on the continent, thereby preventing threats from materializing.

▫️Ambitions of Russia and China vis-a-vis Somaliland
U.S. adversaries, namely Russia and China, understand the value of Somaliland’s geographic area. In previous years, China and Russia have aggressively made advances to court the Somaliland government. However, Somaliland has, for the most part, rebuffed these efforts, with a rejection of Russia’s inquiry to build a naval base on the Port of Berbera (Le Grange, 2025). The Somaliland government has in recent years deepened its ties to Taiwan–a direct snub of China and evidence of the Chinese Communist Party’s (CCP) failure to leverage its economic largesse to advance its agenda (Askar, 2020).

However, these initial failures have not stopped the CCP from continuing to pursue Somaliland. The CCP views Somaliland as a pivotal piece of its Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) due to its coastal access and potential opportunities for CCP-led infrastructure development. The continued exertion of effort by the CCP towards Somaliland can also be seen through an increase in CCP investment within Somalia. Somalia, which due to its constant political uncertainty and weak governance has historically not engaged in international financial agreements, recently entered into a ~$1.2 billion deal with China to develop its infrastructure, energy and agriculture sectors (FTL Somalia, 2024). While none of these investments look set to be in Somaliland, these investments in Somaliland’s immediate neighborhood represent a real source of pressure for it to join China’s BRI.

The Russian government has engaged directly with Somaliland, including sending a delegation led by the Chairman of the Russian Trade Association to the region late February of 2025 (Eurafrica, 2025). While no formal military agreements have yet been made, from Russia’s standpoint, this visit could set the stage for future engagements to build towards such arrangements (Rodrigues, 2025).

The Russian interest in Somaliland is less overt in nature and lies in the military opportunities presented by Somaliland and seem urgent to Russia, given its regional footprint. Having previously held a heavy military presence in the Gulf of Aden-Red Sea region (GARS) in the 1960s and 1970s, Russia today has a new need to look to the Horn of Africa, given its loss of a naval base in Tartus, Syria–Russia’s only formal military installation in the Mediterranean. Russia’s loss of Tartus coincides with its overall diminished influence in the Syria in light of the fall of Bashar al-Assad (Sutton, 2024). The Port of Berbera, which was under Soviet control from 1972-1977 (Hanhimaki, 2012), therefore presents Russia with an opportunity to maintain and potentially expand its military presence in the Mediterranean.

Further pursuing its maritime goals on the continent, in February of 2025, Moscow finalized an agreement with Sudan allowing for the construction of a naval base in Port Sudan (Sudan Tribune, 2025). Coupled with a potential presence in Somaliland, this arrangement would also provide Russia with dominant influence over economic and military activity along the Red Sea.

⭕️ Somaliland’s New Challenges
Somaliland has effectively been functioning as an autonomous region–including for five days June 1960 as an independent nation with international recognition from 35 nations–following the conclusion of its status as a British protectorate. Despite attempts to unify the former British protectorate with its Italian protectorate counterpart, Somaliland–which redeclared its independence in 1991–has consistently maintained its own form of government throughout this period. There is moreover precedent for direct U.S. engagement with Somaliland, including in 1960 when the United States conveyed its official congratulations to Somaliland on its independence (Republic of Somaliland, 2025).

Given these circumstances and history, U.S. policy does not need to be constrained by the challenges facing re-unification. This is especially the case when the U.S. has a rare opportunity for partnership in a strategically significant region in the crosshairs of our top adversaries. And today, Somaliland may face new threats, particularly as Iran increasing looks to pivot to Africa in its weakened state (Tan, 2025).

The recent emergence of the Houthi-Al-Shabaab alliance in Somalia and terrorist networks within Sudan amid its civil war point to new threats in the Horn of Africa, and therefore new vulnerabilities for those who seek a better future for the continent through partnership with the United States. Alongside on-going conflicts in neighboring Ethiopia and Sudan, these vulnerabilities have the potential to place the entire region at risk.

Lacking any form of international recognition, Somaliland has few tools on its own to face these new security risks. Despite its achievements, real political, economic, and military obstacles for the region remain. For example, a lack of formal international status prevents Somaliland from being able to access international aid resources, such as those from the United Nations, and limits its ability to make formal trade agreements with other countries.

♦️A New U.S. Engagement with Somaliland
Deepening U.S. engagement with Somaliland requires addressing the region’s fraught conditions – specifically the fragile state of Somalia’s governance outside of the capital of Mogadishu and the U.S.’s antiquated “One-Somalia” policy that only recognizes official engagement through the government in the capital city. As part of this policy, from 2002 to -2022. the U.S. provided Somalia with $2.91 billion in peacekeeping operations assistance—a stark contrast to the entirety of Sub-Saharan Africa, which within same time frame only received $183.39 million—while conditions both in the country and across the continent have deteriorated (Yousif, 2023).

A new approach to partnership, therefore, remains necessary. A starting point could be the Somaliland Partnership Act (S. 3861, 2022). The Act called for the Secretaries of State and Defense to assess the feasibility of a U.S. partnership with Somaliland. Furthermore, on June 12, 2025, Rep. Scott Perry (PA-10) introduced the “Republic of Somaliland Independence Act” (H.R. 3992, 2025), which, if passed, would authorize the president to officially recognize Somaliland as an independent nation. The notion of potential statehood has received bi-cameral support, with Sen. Ted Cruz (R-TX) calling for continued discussion and next steps on the matter (Brest, 2025).

Towards the end of its first term, the Trump Administration openly praised Somaliland, particularly for its partnership with Taiwan, as a positive sign of the region’s alignment (Somaliland Chronicle, 2025). The Biden Administration, however, not only ignored this appreciation of Somaliland but reverted to the One-Somalia policy, particularly through the efforts of its champion in the House Foreign Affairs Committee, Rep. Ilhan Omar. With her removal from the Committee in 2023 and the return of the Trump Administration, there is a renewed hope for more effective engagement (Nahmias, 2023).

The case of Somaliland—a small region that, despite clear material opportunities and a dangerous neighborhood, rejects our adversaries’ advances—represents an opportunity to form a new coalition in the African region, with partners committed to mutual prosperity and to a better future for the region. With Somaliland, that partnership could begin by focusing on counterterrorism and commercial efforts.

On the counterterrorism side, targeted attacks against Al-Shabaab militants in Somalia were among the first actions taken by the Trump Administration (Copp et al., 2025). With suppressing the group being a priority for both the administration and Somaliland, the U.S. could work with both Mogadishu and Hargeisa—the capital of Somaliland—vis-à-vis joint trainings and increased intelligence sharing. Also, with the U.S. Navy having an installation in neighboring Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti, support for a better developed Mogadishu-Hargeisa security force would further deter malign actors in the Red Sea.

Economically, the U.S. could leverage a partnership for presence on Somaliland’s ports while also helping to develop Somaliland’s critical mineral resources. A deal would not only keep malign actors at bay militarily but would also bolster U.S. supply chains. In line with the Trump Administration’s goal of increased bi-lateral investments—such as the deals struck during the President’s visit to the Middle East and the proposition for a securities agreement with the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)—the framework already exists (Baskaran, 2025). With Somaliland having already agreed to trade deals with Ethiopia (Webb, 2024) and the United Arab Emirates (Hiiraan, 2025), economic engagement could further complement recent U.S. investments in the Lobito Corridor (360Angola, 2025) and the India-Middle East-Europe Economic corridor (Pravda, 2025), in addition to access to DRC mineral deposits as part of the U.S. brokered peace agreement between the DRC and Rwanda (U.S. Department of State, 2025).

🔸️Conclusion
With bad actors and our foreign adversaries looking to exploit key parts of Africa, Somaliland’s future partnerships with the U.S. will play a role in setting that stage for creating the conditions for prosperity and stability in the continent. With direct access to the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden vis-à-vis the Bab-el-Mandeb Strait, whoever can gain access to the Port of Berbera will obtain a strategic advantage in the region.

Furthermore, in alignment with the Trump Administration’s Africa strategy of “trade not aid,” the U.S. could leverage a deeper partnership with Somaliland while striking bi-lateral deals with the Somaliland government, thus developing their critical mineral’s infrastructure and reinforcing U.S. supply chains.

Very rarely in Africa is a state so willing to forgo what are most likely lucrative deals in hopes of a partnership with the U.S. The Trump Administration could take advantage of such a rare opportunity, further advancing U.S. interests both domestically and abroad.

➡️ Download. 👇

Click to access Tan_Somaliland_Issue_Brief.pdf

✍️ Author: Ethan Tan | America First Policy Institute @A1Policy | August 6, 2025

‎Somalia Freezes $1 Million in Terror-Linked Funds Following Major Bank Probe

‎Crackdown Targets Al-Shabaab Financing Networks Across 3,500 Accounts

‎MOGADISHU, SOMALIA – In a significant blow to terrorist financing networks, Somali authorities have frozen nearly $1 million USD after a major investigation into over 3,500 bank accounts, the Office of the Attorney General announced Tuesday.

‎The extensive probe, conducted jointly with local banks, the Financial Reporting Center (FRC), and international partners, focused on accounts allegedly used by Al-Shabaab and other extremist groups to launder money and fund operations both within Somalia and internationally.

‎Key Actions & Outcomes:

‎* Assets Seized: $1 million frozen directly linked to terrorist financing networks.
‎* Ongoing Action: An additional $500,000 suspected of terror links is under active investigation, with legal recovery efforts initiated.
‎* Legal Proceedings: Prosecutors have filed more than 50 cases related to money laundering and terror financing. International cooperation, including with INTERPOL, is underway to locate and extradite suspects believed to be abroad.
‎* Convictions: Authorities secured convictions in over 13 criminal cases related to terror financing and money laundering, demonstrating growing legal capacity.
‎* Network Disruption: The operation successfully dismantled financial networks exploiting public institutions to divert funds to violent groups.

‎”This seizure marks a major step in safeguarding Somalia’s financial system from abuse by extremist networks,” stated the Attorney General’s Office. “We are resolute in preventing our institutions from being exploited to fund terrorism. These convictions send a clear message: Somalia is building robust legal and institutional defenses against financial crimes linked to extremism.”

‎Call to Action

‎The Attorney General’s Office urged Somali businesses and financial institutions to strictly comply with financial transparency laws and international anti-money laundering/counter-terrorism financing (AML/CFT) standards. Citizens are also encouraged to report any suspicious financial activity potentially linked to extremist organizations.

‎”We ask all Somali citizens to cooperate with the Office of the Attorney General and investigative agencies by reporting suspicious fund movements associated with terrorist groups,” the statement emphasized.

‎ End

Urgent Appeal: Escalating Repression of Human Rights and Press Freedom in Somaliland

0

Subject: Urgent Appeal: Escalating Repression of Human Rights and Press Freedom in Somaliland

Dear Sir/Madam,

We, the undersigned human rights defenders, diaspora leaders, grassroots democracy activists, and concerned citizens of Somaliland, write to express our deep alarm over the rapidly deteriorating human rights situation and the intensifying crackdown on independent journalism and freedom of expression in Somaliland.

Since January 2025, the government of President Abdirahman Mohamed Abdillahi ‘Irro’ has significantly escalated efforts to silence dissenting voices and suppress civic space. This campaign has led to a surge in politically motivated arrests, intimidation of journalists, and systemic violations of fundamental rights.

A particularly alarming case is that of respected independent journalist Ahmed Mohamoud Dool, who was arbitrarily arrested and held incommunicado. On August 4, 2025, Mr. Dool was summoned to the Criminal Investigation Department (CID) in Hargeisa by its newly appointed commander. Upon arrival, he was detained without a warrant and without being informed of any charges. That same evening, he was interrogated about a Facebook post reporting on the killing of a civilian in Hargeisa two days prior.

On August 5, 2025, Mr. Dool was brought before the Hargeisa Regional Court without legal counsel. The police requested and were granted a four-day extension of his detention. He remains in custody at the CID headquarters. His case marks a dangerous milestone—he is the 20th journalist arrested in Somaliland since January 2025, underscoring a clear pattern of repression against independent media.

Members of the Somaliland Parliament have publicly denounced these unlawful detentions and called for Mr. Dool’s immediate release. The Somaliland Journalists Association (SOLJA) has also condemned his arrest and demanded accountability.

This is not an isolated incident. In April 2025, journalist Abdiqadir Mohamed Aw Hassan was sentenced by the Hargeisa Regional Court to six months in prison on vague charges of “insulting the president.” After serving two months, his family was forced to secure his early release by signing a notarized agreement on July 13, 2025, pledging that he would refrain from further criticism of the government.

In early July 2025, Ahmed Hassan Caawiye, a young politician from the ruling Waddani party, was arrested at night near his home in Massalaha village, Hargeisa, by members of the Somaliland National Intelligence Service. His eyes were blindfolded and he was held for seven days in an undisclosed location—later revealed by an intelligence officer to be the agency’s headquarters. During this time, no visits were allowed, and his family was unable to locate him despite searching all police stations in the city. Mr. Caawiye was reportedly detained for criticizing high-ranking government officials, including ministers and senior intelligence officers. On July 17, 2025, his family, including his father, was coerced into signing a notarized letter promising that Mr. Caawiye would cease all public criticism of the government.

In June 2025, veteran journalist Mohamoud Abdi Jama, widely known as Xuuto—former SOLJA Chairman and recipient of the 2011 Free Press Africa Award—was targeted for arrest by the former Commander of the Criminal Investigation Department. Facing imminent detention without charges, he fled Somaliland and is now living in exile in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

These cases illustrate a disturbing pattern of repression that violates international human rights law, including the rights to freedom of expression, freedom of the press, and due process. The sustained targeting of journalists and civic voices has created a chilling effect, silencing dissent and eroding the democratic fabric of Somaliland.

We urgently call upon:

International human rights organizations

Press freedom and journalist protection groups

Democratic governments

United Nations human rights mechanisms

to:

Publicly condemn these ongoing violations;

Demand the immediate and unconditional release of journalist Ahmed Mohamoud Dool;

Call for an end to arbitrary arrests, harassment, and intimidation of journalists, media workers, and human rights defenders;

Support the establishment of independent monitoring mechanisms and emergency protection for at-risk journalists and their families in Somaliland.

Additionally, we urge international media solidarity networks and humanitarian organizations to provide urgent legal, financial, and psychological support to the affected journalists and their families.

The international community must not remain silent. Swift and coordinated action is imperative to uphold human rights, defend press freedom, and prevent the further erosion of democratic values in Somaliland.

Sincerely,

Suleiman Xuquuq

Prominent Human Rights Defender

Hargeisa Young Girls in Sport Association

Horn Watch

Ethiopia Targets U.S.-Based Somali Remittance Firms, Alleges Money Laundering

Ethiopia’s central bank has called for an official U.S. investigation into four Somali-owned money transfer companies, accusing them of money laundering and financing illicit activities using funds from the Ethiopian diaspora.

The National Bank of Ethiopia (NBE) named ‘Shgey Money Transfer, Adulis Money Transfer, Ramada Pay (Kaah), and TAAJ Money Transfer’ in an August 2nd statement. It alleges these firms, operating in Maryland, Virginia, and Minnesota, are “undermining the integrity of the Ethiopian financial system and distorting market prices.”

“The NBE advises the Ethiopian public to avoid these entities to ensure their funds are transferred safely and legally,” the statement warned, adding transferred funds are “at risk of confiscation” with “no guarantee” of delivery to recipients. The bank has contacted U.S. authorities requesting cooperation.

Lifeline at Risk:
While targeting funds from the Ethiopian diaspora, the move directly impacts vital Somali-operated remittance corridors. Firms like Kaah and TAAJ are pillars of a transnational support system crucial for families in Ethiopia’s underserved Somali Regional State, where formal banking access is just 6%. These remittances often pay for essentials like food, healthcare, and school fees in remote towns largely bypassed by formal banking.

Economic Reform Context:
The warning coincides with Ethiopia’s major IMF-backed foreign exchange reforms ($3.4 billion program), aimed at unifying rates and dismantling the parallel market. Despite IMF praise, challenges persist, including a significant gap between official and black-market exchange rates. Diaspora remittances remain critical, contributing over $6 billion (nearly one-third of official FX earnings) in 2023/24, primarily from North America.

Shift in Regulatory Tactics:
Publicly naming and discouraging use of specific operators marks a sharp departure from the NBE’s previous reliance on behind-the-scenes audits or license suspensions. The bank simultaneously published an updated list of over 80 licensed money transfer agencies (including major players like Western Union, MoneyGram, and a few Somali-facing services) and stressed that “cross-border fund transfers be conducted through the formal and regulated financial system.”

The NBE stated it will continue investigations and take further action as needed. A.list of licensed and legally authorized money transfer operators is available at the official National Bank of Ethiopia website.

Somaliland: President Irro Urges Electoral Commission to Ensure Transparent, Credible Elections

0

By Goth Mohamed Goth

Hargeisa – President H.E. Abdirahman Mohamed Abdullahi Irro has called on the National Electoral Commission (NEC) to uphold the highest standards of fairness and transparency in the upcoming national elections. The President made the remarks during a swearing-in ceremony for the Commission’s newest member, Lawyer Abdirisak Mohamed Said, administered by Supreme Court Chief Justice Adan Haji Ali.

Commending the NEC’s dedication, efficiency, and successful management of past elections and voter registrations, President Irro expressed confidence in the Commission’s ability to deliver credible polls reflecting the will of Somaliland’s people.

“You are like judges, and the people expect you to conduct elections with integrity,” President Irro stated, addressing Chairman Muse Hassan Yusuf and other commissioners present. He welcomed Lawyer Abdirisak’s appointment, stating it strengthens the body tasked with organizing free and fair elections.

The President’s emphasis on transparency comes as Somaliland prepares for critical national elections, with the NEC playing a central role in meeting public expectations for a robust democratic process.

Oman’s Salalah Mills Explores Food Industry Investment in Somaliland

By Goth Mohamed Goth

Somaliland’s Investment Minister, Hon. Said Mohamed Burale, welcomed a delegation from Oman’s leading food producer, Salalah Mills Company, to Hargeisa for high-level investment talks.

The discussions centered on opportunities for Salalah Mills – renowned for flour and food production across Oman – to invest in Somaliland’s developing food industry. Minister Burale actively promoted the nation’s attractive investment climate, encouraging the company to set up operations that would spur industrial development and economic diversification.

Accompanied by key ministry directors, the meeting reflects Somaliland’s focused effort to foster global economic partnerships. This potential collaboration with Salalah Mills represents a significant step in Somaliland’s strategy to position itself as a key investment destination in the Horn of Africa, aiming to stimulate job creation and industrial growth. Follow-up discussions are expected

Somaliland Agriculture Minister Holds Strategic Talks with Agricultural Research Committee

0

In a significant step toward advancing agricultural development in Somaliland, the Minister of Agricultural Development, Hon. Mahmoud Egge Yusuf, convened a productive meeting with the newly appointed Committee of the Somaliland Agricultural Research Institute at his office today.

The committee, led by the Institute’s Director Prof Ali Ismail Ibrahim and accompanied by his deputy, engaged in discussions aimed at fostering collaboration and aligning efforts to boost the nation’s agricultural sector. The meeting served as an opportunity for introductions, as the committee members were recently appointed by the President of Somaliland.

Minister Yusuf and the committee explored strategic plans to elevate agricultural research and development, focusing on innovative approaches to enhance productivity and sustainability. The discussions underscored the Ministry’s commitment to working closely with the Agricultural Research Institute to implement initiatives that will benefit Somaliland’s farmers and strengthen food security.

‎𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐒𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐠𝐢𝐜 𝐈𝐦𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐞: 𝐖𝐡𝐲 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐔.𝐒. 𝐌𝐮𝐬𝐭 𝐑𝐞𝐜𝐨𝐠𝐧𝐢𝐳𝐞 𝐒𝐨𝐦𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐥𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐚𝐬 𝐚 𝐕𝐢𝐭𝐚𝐥 𝐀𝐥𝐥𝐲 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐇𝐨𝐫𝐧 𝐨𝐟 𝐀𝐟𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐚 ‎

‎By Ibrahim Mohamed

‎As global adversaries such as China and Iran expand their influence in the Horn of Africa, the United States finds itself at a critical crossroads. To safeguard its strategic interests and counter these growing threats, Washington must embrace a bold policy shift: recognizing Somaliland as a sovereign state. Far from creating a new nation, this would represent the overdue acknowledgment of a state that has functioned independently for over four decades, boasting deep historical and legal legitimacy. Somaliland has emerged as a beacon of stability and democracy in an otherwise volatile region. Its strategic location along the Gulf of Aden, one of the world’s most critical maritime chokepoints, further underscores its value as a vital partner in advancing U.S. interests and enhancing global security.

‎Recognition of Somaliland would not only reinforce America’s strategic foothold in the Horn of Africa but also counterbalance the aggressive maneuvers of rival powers. China has already secured significant port agreements and infrastructure projects across the region, while Iran’s destabilizing activities continue to undermine security and economic progress. In contrast, Somaliland has consistently demonstrated effective governance, a commitment to democratic principles, and the capacity to counter extremism—aligning seamlessly with U.S. priorities. Formalizing this partnership through recognition would send a strong message to allies and adversaries alike: the United States stands ready to support nations that uphold democracy and stability in challenging environments. The time has come for Washington to seize this opportunity and strengthen its position in the Horn of Africa by recognizing Somaliland’s sovereignty.

‎𝐒𝐨𝐦𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐥𝐚𝐧𝐝’𝐬 𝐋𝐞𝐠𝐚𝐥 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐇𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐥 𝐂𝐚𝐬𝐞 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐒𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐞𝐢𝐠𝐧𝐭𝐲

‎ Somaliland’s claim to sovereignty is firmly grounded in both international law and historical precedent. On June 26, 1960, Somaliland gained independence from Britain, becoming a sovereign state recognized by 35 nations, including the United States. This moment of independence was a significant milestone, marking Somaliland’s entry onto the global stage as a free and sovereign nation. However, five days later, Somaliland voluntarily entered a union with the UN trusteeship territory of Somalia to form the Somali Republic. Crucially, this union was never formalized under international law. The Union of Somaliland and Somalia Law, signed in Somaliland on June 27, 1960, was never ratified by Somalia’s representatives. Instead, Somalia’s legislature approved a different, non-binding version of the union “in principle.”

‎Recognizing the legal inconsistencies, Somalia attempted to retroactively validate the union in 1961 through a unilateral Act of Union. However, this act violated key principles of international law, including retroactivity and the requirement of bilateral consent. These legal anomalies underscore a critical reality: Somaliland’s withdrawal from the union in 1991 was not an act of secession but a legitimate reclamation of its original sovereignty. Somaliland’s status as an independent state, established prior to the union, was never legally extinguished. The African Union’s 2005 Fact-Finding Mission echoed this understanding, concluding that Somaliland’s case is “unique, rooted in African political history, and does not open a Pandora’s box” of secessionist movements. This acknowledgment affirms that Somaliland’s sovereignty is both historically justified and legally sound, making its recognition not only a moral imperative but also a matter of upholding international law. By recognizing Somaliland, the international community would rectify decades of legal ambiguity and support a state that has consistently demonstrated its capacity for stability, democracy, and self-governance.

‎𝐒𝐨𝐦𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐥𝐚𝐧𝐝: 𝐀 𝐁𝐞𝐚𝐜𝐨𝐧 𝐨𝐟 𝐃𝐞𝐦𝐨𝐜𝐫𝐚𝐜𝐲 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐇𝐨𝐫𝐧 𝐨𝐟 𝐀𝐟𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐚

‎In a region often overshadowed by instability and authoritarianism, Somaliland stands out as a remarkable democratic success story. Since reclaiming its independence in 1991, Somaliland has held eight peaceful democratic elections, demonstrating its unwavering commitment to political stability and participatory governance. These elections, marked by transparency and inclusivity, have facilitated multiple peaceful transfers of power—an achievement few states in the region can claim. Somaliland’s use of innovative systems like biometric voter registration has further enhanced the integrity of its electoral processes, making them among the most participatory and technologically advanced in Africa.

‎Somaliland’s governance structure reflects a deep commitment to good governance and the rule of law. Its bicameral legislature, independent judiciary, and vibrant civil society work together to uphold democratic principles and foster accountability. This stands in stark contrast to neighboring Somalia, which has not conducted a fully democratic election in over six decades and remains engulfed in corruption, terrorism, and political instability. Despite limited international recognition and minimal foreign aid, Somaliland has managed to build a stable, inclusive democracy, relying on the resilience and resourcefulness of its people. By thriving against the odds, Somaliland offers a compelling model of self-reliance and democratic governance in one of the world’s most challenging regions.

‎𝐒𝐨𝐦𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐥𝐚𝐧𝐝: 𝐀 𝐏𝐫𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐧 𝐃𝐞𝐦𝐨𝐜𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐜 𝐒𝐮𝐜𝐜𝐞𝐬𝐬

‎Somaliland’s commitment to democracy and good governance is nothing short of extraordinary. Over the past four decades, it has: • Held eight peaceful elections, making it a rare democratic outlier in the region.

‎ • Achieved multiple peaceful transfers of power, free from violence or unrest.

‎• Developed strong governance institutions, including a bicameral legislature, an independent judiciary, and a vibrant civil society. Voter participation in Somaliland is among the highest in Africa, demonstrating the country’s grassroots commitment to democratic values. These achievements have been realized without significant external financial assistance, a testament to Somaliland’s self-reliance and determination. In contrast, neighboring countries like Somalia and Eritrea paint a bleak picture. Despite receiving billions of dollars in aid, Somalia has failed to conduct a fully democratic election in over six decades. It continues to grapple with endemic corruption, instability, and political fragmentation. Eritrea remains an authoritarian state marked by repression and a complete absence of political freedoms. Somaliland is not without challenges, no democracy is, but it has consistently demonstrated that democracy and stability can thrive even in one of the world’s most volatile regions. Its success offers a model for governance rooted in the will of the people and highlights what can be achieved when leadership prioritizes accountability and inclusivity.

‎𝐑𝐞𝐜𝐨𝐠𝐧𝐢𝐳𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐃𝐞𝐦𝐨𝐜𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐜 𝐑𝐞𝐬𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐞

‎Somaliland’s resilience and steadfast commitment to democratic governance stand as a powerful testament to what is possible in the Horn of Africa. Over four decades, Somaliland has defied regional norms of instability and authoritarianism, proving that progress, stability, and democratic principles can take root even in the most challenging environments. Recognizing Somaliland’s sovereignty would serve as a meaningful acknowledgment of its dedication to these ideals. It would also send a clear and compelling message: the United States stands firmly in support of governance rooted in the will of the people and the rule of law.

‎Elevating Somaliland as a model for the region would have far-reaching implications. It would demonstrate that democracy, good governance, and stability are attainable in a region often defined by conflict and turmoil. For the United States, formal recognition of Somaliland would be more than a symbolic gesture—it would be a strategic investment. By partnering with a proven ally in the Horn of Africa, the U.S. could advance its interests in promoting regional stability, safeguarding democratic values, and fostering long-term peace. In doing so, America would not only strengthen its position in a geopolitically critical area but also reaffirm its global leadership in championing democracy and self-determination.

‎𝐒𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐠𝐢𝐜 𝐋𝐨𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐞𝐜𝐮𝐫𝐢𝐭𝐲 𝐈𝐦𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐞𝐬

‎ Somaliland’s geographic position places it at the heart of U.S. strategic interests in the Horn of Africa. Located at the nexus of the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden, Somaliland commands over 500 miles of coastline along one of the world’s busiest and most vital shipping lanes. The Berbera Port, strategically situated just 140 miles from Yemen and 70 miles from the Bab-el-Mandeb Strait, is a critical asset for ensuring the free flow of global commerce and countering maritime threats such as piracy and Houthi aggression. In an era of rising geopolitical competition, Somaliland’s strategic importance cannot be overstated, particularly as rival powers like China expand their footprint in the region.

‎China’s growing influence in the Horn of Africa is exemplified by its deepening ties with Djibouti, which hosts both a U.S. military base and China’s sole overseas military installation. Through a combination of debt traps, economic incentives, and military investments, Beijing has tightened its grip on Djibouti, raising concerns about the future reliability of U.S. operations in the area. Somaliland offers a critical alternative—a stable, democratic partner that aligns with U.S. values and interests. Its proximity to Yemen also positions it as an invaluable ally in countering Iran-backed Houthi militias, whose activities threaten vital shipping lanes in the Bab-el-Mandeb Strait. By investing in Somaliland’s security infrastructure and establishing a military presence, the United States can strengthen its ability to respond to regional crises, safeguard critical waterways, and counterbalance China’s growing dominance in the Horn of Africa. Recognizing Somaliland’s sovereignty would cement this partnership and ensure long-term U.S. strategic advantage in a geopolitically essential region.

‎𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐅𝐚𝐢𝐥𝐮𝐫𝐞𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐒𝐢𝐧𝐠𝐥𝐞-𝐒𝐨𝐦𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐚 𝐏𝐨𝐥𝐢𝐜𝐲

‎For decades, U.S. policy in the Horn of Africa has been anchored in the outdated and ineffective notion of a unified Somalia. This “single Somalia” policy has proven to be a strategic failure, as Somalia remains one of the most corrupt and unstable countries in the world. Large portions of its territory are under the control of the terrorist group al-Shabaab, and billions of dollars in international aid have done little to address its pervasive insecurity, political fragmentation, and ineffective governance. Adding to the complexity, Somalia has increasingly aligned itself with Beijing, endorsing China’s One-China policy and furthering China’s geopolitical agenda, such as isolating Taiwan. In a concerning development, Somalia has granted 150 fishing licenses to Chinese Communist Party-controlled vessels, allowing the exploitation of its waters—while U.S. taxpayers continue to fund Mogadishu’s survival.

‎In stark contrast, Somaliland has thrived in isolation, functioning as a de facto independent state for over four decades. For more than 40 years, no Somali president has set foot in Somaliland, highlighting the enduring separation between the two regions. Somaliland operates its government independently, managing its internal affairs and engaging directly with international partners. It has signed international treaties, formed diplomatic relationships, and actively collaborates with global allies in the fight against terrorism and piracy—efforts that stand in sharp contrast to Somalia, where terrorist groups like al-Shabaab are harbored and allowed to thrive. Somaliland’s commitment to regional stability and security has made it a reliable partner for the international community, while Somalia continues to grapple with insecurity and political fragmentation.

‎Somaliland collects its own revenues, maintains robust security, and denies its territory to terrorists and weapons smugglers, further demonstrating its commitment to stability and good governance. These achievements highlight its potential as a dependable U.S. partner, especially when compared to Somalia’s ongoing failures. Continuing to invest in a dysfunctional Somali state while sidelining Somaliland not only undermines U.S. interests but also inadvertently strengthens adversaries like China and Iran. Recognizing Somaliland’s sovereignty would correct this strategic misstep, provide the U.S. with a trustworthy ally in the Horn of Africa, and reinforce America’s commitment to stability and democracy in one of the world’s most geopolitically critical regions.

‎𝐂𝐡𝐢𝐧𝐚’𝐬 𝐈𝐧𝐟𝐥𝐮𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐏𝐫𝐨𝐱𝐲 𝐖𝐚𝐫𝐬 𝐢𝐧 𝐄𝐚𝐬𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐧 𝐒𝐨𝐦𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐥𝐚𝐧𝐝

‎China’s regime is actively fueling proxy wars in eastern Somaliland, with both Chinese and Somali-backed militias targeting the Republic of Somaliland due to its strong ties with Taiwan and the United States. Chinese-backed forces have been supplying weapons and ammunition to Somali militias in the Lasanod region of Somaliland, currently controlled by militia groups. China has vowed to dismantle Somaliland over its refusal to join the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and its ongoing relations with Taiwan. In tandem with the Somali government, China has sponsored an insurgency in Somaliland’s Sool region to destabilize the country and force it to sever ties with Taiwan. This aggressive stance was further exacerbated when Taiwan’s Deputy Foreign Minister attended the inauguration of Somaliland’s new president, prompting a stern warning from China’s Special Envoy to the Horn of Africa, Xue Bing, who stated, “We will not leave them alone if anyone dares to do anything to sabotage the national sovereignty and territorial integrity of China.” A U.S. intelligence briefing revealed that Somaliland’s significant lithium deposits are another driver of China’s interest in the region, further fueling the conflict. Despite this pressure, Somaliland’s sovereignty cannot be dictated by China. As Somaliland’s Foreign Minister stated, Somaliland was “born free” and remains a sovereign state despite its unrecognized status. The government has resisted China’s attempts to end its relationship with Taiwan, standing firm on its principles of sovereignty and independence. In response, China has heavily funded the Sool militia and various tribal chiefs profiting from the conflict, facilitating the illegal importation of weapons from China and Iran through Puntland. U.S. Congress has expressed concern over China’s involvement in the Sool region and its backing of militant groups destabilizing Somaliland. The fighting in Lasanod is not spontaneous but preplanned and backed by Chinese interests. Had Somaliland not rebuffed China and aligned with Taiwan, the region would likely have remained stable. Former President Muse Bihi’s decision to maintain strong ties with Taiwan angered Beijing. When Bihi rejected China’s offers, the Chinese ambassador in Mogadishu attempted to influence him, but Bihi stood firm, resisting the pressure to compromise Somaliland’s sovereignty. Somalia’s increasing ties with China are evident, particularly with the appointment of Hodan as Somalia’s Ambassador to China. Hodan, from the Dhulbahante clan, has leveraged her studies in China to further the Sino-Somalia alliance and openly embrace China’s support in undermining Somaliland’s sovereignty. She has weaponized her Chinese connections to flood the Las Anod region with heavy weaponry, escalating the conflict. Gamal, Hodan’s husband and former Somali Minister of Planning, also has a history of undermining Somaliland’s sovereignty, notably precipitating previous rounds of fighting in 2018 when he visited the region without coordinating with Somaliland. These actions reflect his ongoing hostility toward Somaliland’s independence. Somalia’s ties with China are further evidenced by the establishment of the first Confucius Institute at Somalia National University, headed by Professor Abdilahi Ismail, who studied in China and has ties to the Communist Party.

‎This shift toward China highlights Somalia’s alignment with an authoritarian regime in opposition to democratic values. While Somalia moves closer to China, Somaliland resists this axis of authoritarianism, standing firm on its commitment to democracy and sovereignty despite mounting pressure. The growing involvement of China in the conflict is an attempt to weaken Somaliland’s democratic infrastructure. However, Somaliland continues to assert its rights and resist foreign interference, particularly in its relations with Taiwan and the United States. China’s proxy involvement in eastern Somaliland is part of a collaborative effort with Somalia to destabilize the region. U.S. support for Somaliland’s sovereignty and democratic values is crucial to counteracting China’s ambitions and securing regional stability. As Somaliland continues to resist these pressures, it is imperative that the U.S. provides recognition and backing to ensure Somaliland’s continued independence and assert American dominance in the region. This is a matter of urgency.

‎Somaliland is paying the price for being a pro-democratic state and for its commitment to democratic values, aligning itself with the U.S. and Taiwan. As former U.S. Secretary of State Henry Kissinger famously said, “To be an enemy of the U.S. is dangerous, but to be a friend is fatal.” Somaliland’s decision to form strategic relationships with the U.S. and Taiwan has come at a significant cost, as it faces direct threats from China and Somalia. The U.S. must correct the mistake of pursuing a “single Somalia” policy and instead reward Somaliland for its democratic values, strategic location, and resistance to authoritarian pressures. This support is not only crucial for Somaliland’s survival but also for advancing U.S. interests in the Horn of Africa, ensuring regional stability, and upholding democratic values in a volatile region.

‎𝐔.𝐒. 𝐄𝐧𝐠𝐚𝐠𝐞𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐒𝐨𝐦𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐥𝐚𝐧𝐝: 𝐀 𝐒𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐠𝐢𝐜 𝐒𝐡𝐢𝐟𝐭 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐌𝐚𝐤𝐢𝐧𝐠

‎U.S. Representative Scott Perry has introduced a bill in Congress to recognize Somaliland as an independent state. This critical legislation is co-sponsored by U.S. Representative Andy Ogles marking a growing recognition of Somaliland’s unique status and strategic importance. In 2021, Somaliland hosted its most high-profile American delegation in over a decade. The delegation visited Hargeisa, the capital of Somaliland, underscoring the increasing strategic value of this politically isolated democracy in the Horn of Africa. This visit was the most significant U.S. presence since February 2008, when former U.S. Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs Jendayi Frazer briefly visited Somaliland. Since that time, Somaliland’s importance has grown exponentially. Its extensive coastline along the Gulf of Aden—an increasingly vital asset in a continent becoming a battleground for Chinese influence—has made it a focal point for U.S. strategic interests. Somaliland’s location, adjacent to Djibouti, places it next to the U.S.’s Africa Command base and China’s only overseas military installation. This positioning has propelled Somaliland into the spotlight as a potential ally for the U.S. amidst intensifying competition with Beijing. Recognizing Somaliland’s potential, Senator James E. Risch from Idaho proposed a critical amendment in the latest National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA), advocating for direct defense and security cooperation between the United States and Somaliland. The NDAA, which sets expenditure policies for defense and national security, was passed by the Senate and sent to President Biden’s desk for approval. A key provision of the $768 billion NDAA budget is Section 1264, titled “A Feasibility Study on Security and Defense Partnership with Somaliland.” This amendment directs the Department of State, in collaboration with the Department of Defense, to explore synergies with Somaliland on critical security issues. Specifically, it highlights Somaliland’s potential to:

‎ • Counter China’s growing influence in the region.

‎• Serve as a maritime gateway in East Africa for the United States and its allies. This initiative recognizes Somaliland’s strategic significance, particularly as China tightens its grip on Djibouti and the Gulf of Aden, threatening U.S. interests and global commerce. By advancing defense cooperation with Somaliland, the U.S. can secure a vital ally in a rapidly shifting geopolitical landscape. The bipartisan push to engage with Somaliland reflects a broader realization that partnering with this democratic and strategically located state is essential for countering adversarial influence in the Horn of Africa. With growing Congressional support and provisions like Section 1264, the U.S. is taking critical steps toward establishing a robust partnership with Somaliland that serves American interests while promoting stability and security in the region.

‎𝐒𝐨𝐦𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐥𝐚𝐧𝐝’𝐬 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐢𝐭𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐭𝐨 𝐔.𝐒. 𝐑𝐞𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬: 𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐢𝐝𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐁𝐢𝐡𝐢’𝐬 𝟐𝟎𝟐𝟐 𝐕𝐢𝐬𝐢𝐭 𝐑𝐞𝐚𝐟𝐟𝐢𝐫𝐦𝐬 𝐒𝐭𝐫𝐨𝐧𝐠 𝐓𝐢𝐞𝐬 𝐃𝐞𝐬𝐩𝐢𝐭𝐞 𝐄𝐱𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐧𝐚𝐥 𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐮𝐫𝐞𝐬

‎In 2022, former Somaliland President Muse Bihi visited the United States, reaffirming Somaliland’s strong commitment to its partnership with the U.S. despite pressures from China and Somalia. During his visit, he met with key members of Congress, including Congressman Gregory Meeks, Senator James Risch, and Congressman Brian Mast, emphasizing that Somaliland shares a deep commitment to freedom and democracy with the U.S. President Bihi emphasized the deep, shared values between Somaliland and the U.S., stating, “Though we are thousands of miles apart, we share a deep-seated love of freedom and democracy.” This statement reflects Somaliland’s steadfast commitment to the democratic principles that form the foundation of its governance, aligning perfectly with U.S. values.

‎Somaliland’s continued pursuit of stronger relations with the U.S. is evident in its active role in counterterrorism efforts, maritime security, and global stability. By recognizing Somaliland’s sovereignty, the U.S. would correct a historical misstep, secure a reliable and democratic partner in the Horn of Africa, and solidify its leadership in the region. Somaliland’s proven commitment to U.S. interests makes it an ideal ally, one that remains steadfast in the face of external pressure and aligns with America’s goals for security and stability.

‎𝐀 𝐂𝐚𝐥𝐥 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐔𝐫𝐠𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐔.𝐒. 𝐀𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐇𝐨𝐫𝐧 𝐨𝐟 𝐀𝐟𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐚:

‎Under the Trump administration, the United States should adopt a more assertive foreign policy, prioritizing American interests and directly confronting hostile powers like China and Iran. The administration’s maximum pressure campaign on Iran and its strong support for Taiwan as a strategic ally exemplify the bold and decisive approach needed to address pressing challenges in Africa, particularly in the Horn of Africa. These policies were effective in reasserting U.S. influence and deterring adversaries who respect strength and resolve.

‎In contrast, the Biden administration’s foreign policy has seen a troubling erosion of U.S. global standing. Through policies that often appeased China and Iran, Washington has allowed adversarial powers to expand their influence unchecked. However, both China and Iran operate under a calculus that values deterrence and respects maximum pressure—strategies successfully employed during Trump’s first term. This makes it imperative for the next Trump administration to restore a robust foreign policy that prioritizes American interests, especially in critical regions like the Horn of Africa. Recognizing Somaliland aligns perfectly with this renewed approach. The Trump administration’s Africa strategy focused on countering Chinese and Russian influence while building partnerships with democratic allies. Somaliland’s democratic governance, strategic location at the crossroads of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden, and principled foreign policy make it an ideal ally for the United States. As China entrenches itself in Djibouti and Somalia aligns more closely with Beijing, delaying recognition of Somaliland risks ceding strategic ground to adversaries.

‎The new Trump administration must act decisively to recalibrate U.S. policy in Africa with urgency and focus, beginning with Somaliland. Recognition of Somaliland’s sovereignty would not only reinforce regional stability but also send a powerful message: the United States is committed to countering authoritarian powers, advancing democracy, and safeguarding its strategic interests in one of the world’s most geopolitically significant regions.

‎𝐒𝐞𝐢𝐳𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐎𝐩𝐩𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐮𝐧𝐢𝐭𝐲 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐔.𝐒.

‎The United States stands at a critical crossroads in the Horn of Africa. Recognizing Somaliland presents a unique and urgent opportunity to reshape U.S. policy in the region, securing strategic interests and countering the growing influence of adversaries like China and Iran. Such a move would establish Somaliland as a stable and democratic ally in a region where American influence is increasingly challenged, reaffirming the U.S.’s global leadership and commitment to its principles.

‎This is not about creating a new state—it is about recognizing an existing one that fulfills all the legal and practical criteria for sovereignty. For over four decades, Somaliland has demonstrated its capacity as a responsible and capable partner, maintaining stability, fostering democracy, and ensuring security in one of the world’s most volatile regions. Recognizing Somaliland would correct a historical oversight, rewarding its commitment to these values while advancing U.S. security and economic objectives.

‎The stakes are high. With China and Iran aggressively expanding their footprints in the Horn of Africa, the U.S. must act decisively to protect its strategic interests and reinforce its alliances. Recognition of Somaliland would send a clear and powerful message: the United States is resolute in its defense of democracy, stability, and global security. This is not just a matter of justice; it is a strategic imperative for ensuring a more stable and prosperous Horn of Africa.

‎The world is watching. Bold leadership is needed now to correct historical wrongs, advance American interests, and chart a new course for U.S. policy in Africa. Recognizing Somaliland would not only strengthen regional stability but also pave the way for a more secure and prosperous future. The time to act is now.

‎Ibrahim’s Substack is free today. But if you enjoyed this post, you can tell Ibrahim’s Substack that their writing is valuable by pledging a future subscription. You won’t be charged unless they enable payments.




Somaliland’s Strategic Mineral and Military Offerings: A Gateway to Geopolitical and Economic Gains in Africa

  • Somaliland, a de facto independent state since 1991, leverages its Gulf of Aden location and mineral wealth to attract global investors and strategic partners despite lacking UN recognition.

  • A 2024 Ethiopia and Somaliland MOU granting coastal access and potential U.S. military base plans in Berbera highlight its geopolitical value as a counterweight to China’s Djibouti influence.

  • Rich in rare earth elements, lithium, and titanium, Somaliland’s stable governance positions it as a strategic alternative to volatile mining regions, though recognition barriers limit capital access.

  • Investors face high risks from regional tensions and clan-based politics but could benefit from infrastructure-linked opportunities and potential U.S. recognition-driven FDI surges.

In the shadow of the Horn of Africa’s geopolitical chessboard, Somaliland—a de facto independent state since 1991—has quietly positioned itself as a critical player in the 21st-century scramble for resources and strategic alliances. While its international recognition remains elusive, the region’s unique blend of political stability, emerging infrastructure, and untapped mineral wealth is drawing the attention of global powers and investors alike. For those willing to navigate the risks, Somaliland’s strategic offerings represent a rare confluence of geopolitical leverage and economic potential.

Geopolitical Risk: A Calculated Gamble

Somaliland’s lack of formal recognition by the United Nations and most global powers is both its greatest vulnerability and its most potent bargaining chip. The region has leveraged its de facto independence to secure high-stakes partnerships, including a 2024 Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with Ethiopia, which granted Addis Ababa access to 20 kilometers of coastline in exchange for a potential stake in Ethiopian Airlines and a pledge to recognize Somaliland. This agreement, while contentious with Somalia and the African Union, underscores Somaliland’s ability to extract value from its strategic location on the Gulf of Aden—a critical chokepoint for global trade and counterterrorism operations.

The U.S. has also emerged as a key player, with reports suggesting discussions to establish a military base near Berbera in exchange for recognition. Such a move would not only bolster U.S. maritime security but also counter China’s growing influence in Djibouti, where Beijing operates a military base.

However, the risk of regional destabilization—particularly with Somalia’s vehement opposition—cannot be ignored. The potential for a U.S.-Somaliland alignment could ignite a domino effect in the Horn of Africa, reshaping alliances and trade routes in unpredictable ways.

Critical Minerals: The Next Frontier

While Somaliland’s geopolitical narrative dominates headlines, its mineral wealth remains an underappreciated asset. The region is believed to hold significant deposits of rare earth elements (REEs), lithium, and titanium, essential for green technologies and defense industries. These resources, coupled with Somaliland’s stable governance and low corruption indices, position it as an attractive alternative to politically volatile mining hubs in South America and Southeast Asia.

For example, Somaliland’s coastal and arid hinterlands are rich in titanium deposits, a key component in aerospace and renewable energy applications. With global demand for titanium projected to grow at a 6% CAGR through 2030, early investors in Somaliland’s mining sector could capitalize on a supply chain gap exacerbated by geopolitical tensions in traditional producing regions.

However, the lack of international recognition complicates access to global capital markets, leaving the region reliant on partnerships with entities like the UAE’s DP World, which has already invested $1 billion in the Berbera port to facilitate mineral exports.

Ask Aime: Investing in Somaliland’s rare minerals

Investment Opportunities: Balancing Risk and Reward

For investors, Somaliland’s dual focus on military infrastructure and mineral extraction offers a compelling, albeit high-risk, proposition. The U.S. military’s interest in a Berbera base could catalyze infrastructure development, including roads, energy grids, and logistics hubs, indirectly boosting the mining sector.

Additionally, the potential for U.S. recognition—likely under the Trump administration’s transactional foreign policy—could unlock access to U.S. markets and investment flows, particularly if the U.S. seeks to reduce its reliance on Chinese-controlled supply chains.

However, the path to profitability is fraught with challenges. The Ethiopia-Somaliland MOU, while economically promising, has strained relations with Somalia and the AU, creating legal and diplomatic uncertainties. Investors must also contend with the region’s fragile political ecosystem, where clan-based governance and territorial disputes (such as the 2022 Las Anod conflict) could disrupt operations.

Strategic👌👌 Recommendations for Investors💐💐

Leverage Infrastructure – Linked Opportunities: Prioritize investments tied to infrastructure projects, such as the Berbera port expansion or energy development, which are less sensitive to political shifts and more likely to yield tangible returns.

Diversify Geopolitical Exposure: Consider partnerships with regional actors like the UAE or Ethiopia, which have already demonstrated economic commitment to Somaliland, rather than relying solely on U.S. or Western capital.

Monitor Recognition Timelines: Closely track diplomatic developments, particularly the progress of the U.S. “Somaliland Independence Act” and Ethiopia’s adherence to the 2024 MOU. Recognition, even conditional, could trigger a surge in foreign direct investment (FDI).

Assess Mineral Supply Chain Gaps: Target mineral exploration and processing ventures, particularly in REEs and lithium, where Somaliland’s stable governance and strategic location offer a competitive edge.

Conclusion: A High-Stakes, High-Reward Proposition
Somaliland’s strategic value lies in its ability to bridge the gap between geopolitical ambition and economic pragmatism. While the risks of regional instability and diplomatic isolation are real, the rewards for early movers in its military and mineral sectors are equally significant.

For investors with a long-term horizon and a tolerance for geopolitical volatility, Somaliland represents a rare opportunity to align with a region poised to reshape Africa’s economic and security landscape.

As the world grapples with the dual challenges of resource scarcity and strategic competition, Somaliland’s offerings—mineral-rich, strategically located, and politically resilient—could prove to be a cornerstone of the next era of global investment. The question is not whether Somaliland will matter, but how quickly investors will act to secure their stakes in its future.

Story by Nathaniel Stone
Wednesday, Jul 30, 2025 12:28 am ET
https://www.ainvest.com/news/somaliland-strategic-mineral-military-offerings-gateway-geopolitical-economic-gains-africa-2507/

‎Somaliland Diaspora Week 2025  Conference kicks Off at Guled Hotel, Hargeisa

0

Hargeisa– August 2, 2025 – The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation officially inaugurated the Annual Somaliland Diaspora Week Grand Conference today at Guled Hotel in Hargeisa. The event brings together government officials, diaspora members, private sector leaders, and development partners from around the world and will run from August 2 to August 5, 2025.

‎The opening ceremony underscored the strategic role of the diaspora in Somaliland’s development, featuring remarks from senior government officials and international guests.

‎Delivering the keynote address, Mr. Mohamed Abdirahman, Director General of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, emphasized the significance of structured diaspora engagement in national planning and policy development.

‎Ms. Ugbad Nasir, Head of the Diaspora Department, highlighted the achievements of the diaspora and the government’s commitment to establishing stronger mechanisms for coordinating diaspora investment, knowledge transfer, and youth involvement.

‎Hon. Abdirahman Dahir Adam, Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation, praised the diaspora’s dedication and reaffirmed the government’s efforts to cultivate sustainable partnerships that support critical sectors including education, infrastructure, and healthcare.

‎The Mayors from all regions of Somaliland participated in the conference. The Mayor of Hargeisa, Hon. Abdikarim Ahmed Mooge, recognized the substantial contributions of diaspora communities to municipal services and infrastructure development, urging further collaboration in urban planning and innovation.

‎A special highlight of the conference was the appearance of Dr. Edna Adan Ismail, a renowned public health advocate and former Foreign Minister, who urged diaspora communities to prioritize investments in maternal health, education, and institutional capacity building.

‎Additionally, delegations from six prominent diaspora representatives groups from Canada, associated with the Board of Building Nations and Unity, delivered a joint address that focused on reinforcing ties between Somaliland and international institutions. They announced plans to initiate new programs in youth development, education, and innovation, including the establishment of a partnership platform between Somaliland and Canadian educational and professional organizations.

‎A key feature of the event is the Diaspora Exhibition Pavilion, where diaspora-led companies, start-ups, and non-profit organizations showcased a diverse array of local products, services, and developmental initiatives operating in Somaliland. The exhibits included:

‎- Technology and digital learning platforms
‎- Renewable energy projects
‎- Health and nutrition products
‎- Women-led business initiatives
‎- Community-based training centers

‎Participants from various countries expressed enthusiasm about the opportunities for networking, sharing experiences, and exploring collaborations across different sectors.

‎The conference will continue over the next several days, featuring thematic panels and workshops that address critical issues such as sustainable development, entrepreneurship, and the role of technology in enhancing Somaliland’s economy. Notable speakers from academia, industry, and civil society are set to contribute their insights to enrich discussions and promote actionable strategies.

‎As the conference progresses, the government plans to announce new policies designed to boost the contributions of the diaspora to national development, focusing on investment and educational opportunities. This initiative aims to create an enabling environment where Somalilanders abroad can play an active role in shaping the future of their homeland.

‎Overall, the Annual Somaliland Diaspora Week Conference seeks to strengthen ties between Somaliland and its diaspora communities while fostering a collaborative approach to tackling shared challenges and seizing opportunities for growth. As the event unfolds, it is anticipated to yield pivotal outcomes that will steer sustainable development in Somaliland.