The question of Somaliland’s recognition as an independent state remains one of the most critical and debated issues in the Horn of Africa. However, reframing this debate around mutual benefits and security arrangements could present a pathway to resolving longstanding tensions between Somaliland and Somalia. Recognizing Somaliland’s independence offers significant opportunities not only for Somaliland but also for the Federal Government of Somalia (FGS) if approached strategically.
The Mutual Benefits of Recognition
Recognizing Somaliland as an independent state can unlock a future of shared prosperity for both Somaliland and Somalia. For Somalia, formalizing Somaliland’s independence would allow the FGS to redirect its resources and governance efforts to areas under its jurisdiction, fostering stability and progress without the complexity of addressing Somaliland’s distinct governance framework. Somaliland, in turn, would gain international legitimacy and the ability to pursue direct international partnerships, which could also bolster regional development.
Moreover, recognition would provide a basis for enhanced international support for both states. International donors and institutions are likely to increase their engagement once this longstanding dispute is resolved, offering economic and development benefits that neither nation can fully access under the current impasse.
Finally, mutual recognition can replace decades of mistrust with frameworks for collaboration. Trade, security, and regional integration would benefit immensely from a peaceful resolution, fostering goodwill that transcends political boundaries and enriches both nations.
Proposal for a Shared Security Framework
Security concerns remain a critical issue for Somalia in the context of Somaliland’s recognition. To address these concerns, Somaliland and Somalia could adopt a joint security framework modeled on Article 5 of NATO’s collective defense principle. This would ensure that an attack on either nation is treated as an attack on both, fostering mutual protection and a shared commitment to stability in the region.
Key components of this security framework include:
- Mutual assurance: Both Somaliland and Somalia commit to defending each other against external threats.
- Sovereignty respect: Somaliland’s independence would be recognized without undermining Somalia’s broader security architecture.
- Regional stability: The agreement sends a strong message to neighboring states, including Ethiopia, that Somaliland and Somalia are united in preserving peace and security in the Horn of Africa.
Such a framework would benefit from international oversight through organizations like the African Union or the United Nations, ensuring credibility and effective implementation. Regional allies like Djibouti and Kenya could also play a pivotal role in reinforcing this agreement.
Freedom of Movement and Economic Integration
To maintain the historical, cultural, and familial ties between Somaliland and Somalia, any recognition agreement should prioritize freedom of movement. A shared framework for unrestricted travel would allow citizens of both nations to move freely for trade, employment, and personal connections. Additionally, granting dual citizenship could strengthen these ties, ensuring that individuals are not forced to choose between their affiliations.
On the economic front, Somaliland and Somalia could agree to maintain separate currencies , while exploring the potential for a common regional currency involving Somaliland, Somalia, and Djibouti, Similar to EU Currenty. Such a currency would:
- Facilitate trade and investment: Reducing transaction costs and minimizing currency exchange risks.
- Promote regional integration: Building economic interdependence that supports peace and development.
- Create a unified economic bloc: Enhancing the region’s appeal to international investors and markets.
A Vision for Shared Growth
Resolving the question of Somaliland’s recognition is not a zero-sum game; it is an opportunity for both nations to chart a new course towards shared growth and stability. Through robust security agreements, freedom of movement, and economic integration, Somaliland and Somalia can achieve a peaceful and mutually beneficial separation that serves as a model for conflict resolution in Africa.
The international community’s role in this process cannot be overstated. With adequate support and oversight, Somaliland and Somalia can transition into a new era of cooperation, ensuring that their people reap the rewards of peace and partnership. Together, they can lay the foundation for a prosperous Horn of Africa that thrives on unity in diversity.
Engineer Ahmed Abdi Abdilahi (Chief)
Chairman of Waddani Party in Minnesota-USA
Email: ahmed.abdlahi0@gmail.com
